Whilst using treats may be the most simple way, you are able to train dogs without treats. In some cases, this has even led to commands being up faster, so it’s not impossible. Most experts would recommend starting your dog off with treats, then slowly reducing the number of treats as they learn commands.
However, if you want to train your dog without treats, there are many methods. This can include brushing your dog, giving verbal praise, cuddling, and other rewards such as a new or favourite toy to give your dog when completing the correct behaviour.
Alternatively, you can use a portion of their daily food just to be used during training or have an associated noise such as a clicker when the right behaviour is used.